Breast cancer is one of the most
common cancers in women. Approximately twenty five percent breast cancer occurs
during the reproductive and perimenopausal years. Surgery is the primary
treatment of breast cancer. In addition, based on stage and biology of the
disease, chemotherapy, radiation, endocrine therapy and biologics are
recommended to reduce recurrence and cancer-related mortality.
Although survival rates of women
with breast cancer has significantly improved, the potential late adverse
effects of adjuvant treatment and their impact on quality of life of breast
cancer survivors have become increasingly important. Among premenopausal women
with breast cancer, management
of sexual dysfunction and fertility presents a challenge. The principal
mechanisms that systemic therapy affect sexual function and fertility in women
with breast cancer is ovarian suppression.
There are several patients and
tumor-related factors that guide the selection of adjuvant therapy including
age, comorbid illness, performance status, cancer stage (tumor size and nodal
status), grade, hormone receptor status, and HER-2 amplification among others.
The principal mechanisms that systemic therapy affect sexual function and
fertility in women with breast cancer is the ovarian suppression and damage to
the ovaries.
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