After serum Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) concentration was
introduced as a screening test in prostate disease, prostate cancer has been increasingly
detected at an early
stage and grade. PSA test leads to Prostate Cancer (PCa) over diagnosis and
overtreatment.
To overcome overtreatment, low risk PCa patients are enrolled
in AS in order to prevent overtreatment, delaying curative treatment according
to neoplasm progression.
The AS protocols were approved to delay radical treatment and
spare treatment; however AS can influence quality of life related to health
defined as “a physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the
absence of disease.

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